Lewis and Clark's Columbia River
Lewis & Clark's Columbia River - "200 Years Later"
"Columbia Plateau"

NOTE: the images on this website are being re-done and re-grouped and some images on this thumbnail page may not appear here ... the arrowed links are good and most images will appear there.

[page 1 2 ]   

From downstream the Wallula Gap to The Dalles, Oregon -- The Columbia River winds its way through the basalts of the Columbia Plateau.

Image, 2005, Lake Wallula Lake Wallula downstream of Wallula Gap:
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, September 24, 2005.
RM*
Image, 2003, Lake Wallula, looking upstream Lake Wallula, looking upstream towards Wallula Gap:
Lake Wallula, looking upstream towards Wallula Gap, as seen from Sand Station Recreation Area, Oregon.
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, September 26, 2003.
RM300*
Image, 2005, Sand Station Recreation Area Sand Station Recreation Area, from upstream:
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, September 25, 2005.
RM300*
Image, 2005, Sand Station Recreation Area Sand Station Recreation Area, from upstream:
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, September 25, 2005.
RM300*
Image, 2005, Warehouse Beach, looking towards Wallula Gap Warehouse Beach, looking upstream towards Wallula Gap:
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, September 25, 2005.
RM299*
Image, 2005, Columbia River backwater, Warehouse Beach, Oregon Columbia River backwater, Warehouse Beach, Oregon:
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, September 25, 2005.
RM299*
Image, 2004, Boat Rock, Oregon Boat Rock, Oregon:
Boat Rock, Oregon, just upstream of Hat Rock.
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, September 24, 2004.
RM298*
Image, 2004, Hat Rock, Oregon Hat Rock, Oregon:
Hat Rock, a basalt pillar, is the central feature of Oregon's Hat Rock State Park.
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, September 24, 2004.
RM298*
Image, 2004, Hat Rock from Hat Rock State Park Hat Rock State Park, Oregon:
Hat Rock, a basalt pillar, is the central feature of Oregon's Hat Rock State Park.
Image taken from Hat Rock State Park, Oregon.
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, September 24, 2004.
RM298*
Image, 2004, Washington bank of the Columbia, upstream McNary Dam Washington bank of the Columbia River, upstream of McNary Dam:
Basalt flow, as seen from McNary Dam Overlook, Oregon.
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, September 24, 2004.
RM*
Image, 2005, McNary Beach, Oregon McNary Beach Park, Oregon, looking downstream towards McNary Dam:
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, September 25, 2005.
RM293*
Image, 2005, McNary Beach, Oregon McNary Beach, Oregon, upstream of McNary Dam:
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, September 25, 2005.
RM293*
Image, 2005, McNary Dam and Sillusi Butte McNary Dam and Sillusi Butte, from road to McNary Beach, Oregon:
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, September 25, 2005.
RM292.5*
Image, 2005, McNary Dam from McNary Beach, Oregon McNary Dam from McNary Beach, Oregon:
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, September 25, 2005.
RM292.5*
Image, 2004, McNary Dam McNary Dam:
McNary Dam, as seen from Oregon overlook. Sillusi Butte is on the left skyline. This was once the location of the "Umatilla Rapids", which Lewis and Clark called "Muscle Shell Rapids".
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, September 24, 2004.
RM292.5*
Image, 2005, Mount Adams from McNary Dam Overlook, Umatilla, Oregon Mount Adams, Washington, as seen from McNary Dam Overlook, Umatilla, Oregon:
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, September 25, 2005.
RM*
Image, 2003, McNary Wildlife Nature Area, Oregon McNary Wildlife Nature Area, Oregon:
McNary Wildlife Nature Area, Oregon, is a 318-acre day-use/boating site, just upstream from Umatilla, Oregon, and located across the Columbia from Sillusi Butte, Washington.
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, September 26, 2003.
RM291*
Image, 2004, Sillusi Butte, Washington, from McNary Overlook, Oregon Sillusi Butte, Washington:
Sillusi Butte, Washinton, as seen from the McNary Dam Overlook, Oregon.
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, September 24, 2004.
RM291*
Image, 2003, Sillusi Butte, Washington Sillusi Butte, Washington:
Sillusi Butte, Washington, as seen from the Oregon side of the Columbia River.
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, September 26, 2003.
RM291*
Image, 2005, Sillusi Butte from Plymouth Park, Washington Sillusi Butte from Plymouth Park, Washington:
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, May 24, 2005.
RM291*
Image, 2004, Interstate 82/395 Bridge, from McNary Overlook Interstate 82/395 Bridge:
View from the McNary Dam Overlook, Oregon. Plymouth, Washington, is in the background.
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, September 24, 2004.
RM291*
Image, 2006, Interstate 82/395 Bridge, heading south Interstate 82/395 Bridge, heading south:
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, October 2, 2006.
RM291*
Image, 2006, Interstate 82/395 Bridge, heading south Interstate 82/395 Bridge, heading south:
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, October 2, 2006.
RM291*
Image, 2006, Interstate 82/395 Bridge, heading south Interstate 82/395 Bridge, heading south:
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, October 2, 2006.
RM291*
Image, 2005, Interstate Bridge from Plymouth Park, Washington Interstate 82/395 Bridge and McNary Dam, from Plymouth Park, Washington:
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, May 24, 2005.
RM291*
Image, 2005, Plymouth Park, Washington Plymouth Park, Plymouth, Washington:
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, May 24, 2005.
RM*
Image, 2005, Umatilla Army Depot Chemical Bunkers Chemical Bunkers, Umatilla Army Depot, Umatilla, Oregon:
View from driving Interstate 84
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, September 30, 2005.
RM*
Image, 2003, Umatilla River at confluence with the Columbia Umatilla River, Oregon:
Umatilla River at it's mouth, looking north towards the Columbia River. Image taken from Oregon Highway 730 Bridge.
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, September 29, 2003.
RM289*
Image, 2003, Umatilla River looking upstream Umatilla River, Oregon:
Umatilla River, Oregon, looking upstream. Image taken from Oregon Highway 730 Bridge.
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, September 29, 2003.
RM289*
Image, 2003, Umatilla River, from mouth at the Columbia River Umatilla River, Oregon:
At the mouth of the Umatilla River, looking across the Columbia River towards the Horse Heaven Hills. Plymouth, Washington, and Plymouth Park are along the shoreline. Image taken from Oregon Highway 730 Bridge.
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, September 29, 2003.
RM289*
Image, 2006, Umatilla River at Interstate 82 Umatilla River, Oregon, at Interstate 82/395:
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, September 29, 2006.
RM289*
Image, 2006, Umatilla River at Interstate 82 Umatilla River, Oregon, at Interstate 82/395:
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, September 29, 2006.
RM289*
Image, 2005, Columbia River looking upstream from Irrigon Columbia River looking upstream from Irrigon, Oregon:
View from Irrigon Marine Park.
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, September 24, 2005
RM282*
Image, 2005, Irrigon Marine Park, Irrigon, Oregon Irrigon Marine Park, Irrigon, Oregon:
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, September 24, 2005
RM282*
Image, 2005, Boat Dock, Irrigon, Oregon Irrigon, Oregon, boat dock:
View from Irrigon Marine Park.
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, September 24, 2005
RM282*
Image, 2005, Umatilla Fish Hatchery Umatilla Fish Hatchery:
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, September 24, 2005
RM279*
Image, 2005, Umatilla National Wildlife Refuge, Paterson Unit Umatilla National Wildlife Refuge, Paterson Unit:
View from downstream of the Umatilla Fish Hatchery, Irrigon, Oregon.
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, September 24, 2005
RM279*
Image, 2005, Umatilla National Wildlife Refuge, Paterson Unit Umatilla National Wildlife Refuge, Paterson Unit:
View from downstream of the Umatilla Fish Hatchery, Irrigon, Oregon.
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, September 24, 2005
RM279*
Image, 2005, Looking upstream from Paterson Ferry Road Looking upstream from end of Paterson Ferry Road, Oregon:
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, September 24, 2005
RM278.5*
Image, 2005, Grain Elevator, Irrigon, Oregon Grain Elevator, Irrigon, Oregon:
View from end of the Paterson Ferry Road.
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, September 24, 2005
RM278*
Image, 2005, McCormack Unit, Umatilla National Wildlife Refuge Umatilla National Wildlife Refuge, McCormack Unit, Oregon:
View of McCormack Slough.
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, September 24, 2005
RM*
Image, 2005, Potlatch Plantation, Oregon Hybrid Poplars, Potlatch Plantation, Oregon:
Image from Interstate 84 near Irrigon, Oregon.
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, May 24, 2005.
RM*
Image, 2005, Potlatch Plantation, Oregon Hybrid Poplars, Potlatch Plantation, Oregon:
Image from Interstate 84 near Irrigon, Oregon.
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, May 24, 2005.
RM*
Image, 2006, Potlatch Plantation, Oregon Fall colors, Hybrid Poplars, Potlatch Plantation, Oregon:
Image from Interstate 84 near Irrigon, Oregon.
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, September 29, 2006.
RM*
Image, 2005, Grain Elevator downstream Irrigon, Oregon Blalock Islands and Grain Elevator downstream of Irrigon, Oregon:
View from Washington State Highway 14. It was in this area Lewis and Clark named a rapid "Pelican Rapid".
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, May 24, 2005.
RM*
Image, 2005, Blalock Islands Blalock Islands as seen from Washington Highway 14:
It was in this area Lewis and Clark named a rapid "Pelican Rapid".
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, May 24, 2005.
RM*
Image, 2005, Marine Park, Boardman, Oregon Boardman, Oregon, Marine Park:
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, September 24, 2005
RM268*
Image, 2006, Boardman Marine Park, Oregon Boardman Marine Park, Boardman, Oregon:
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, September 29, 2006.
RM268*
Image, 2005, Marina, Boardman, Oregon Boardman, Oregon, Marina:
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, September 24, 2005
RM268*
Image, 2006, Boardman Marina, Oregon Early morning, Boardman Marina, Boardman, Oregon:
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, October 2, 2006.
RM268*
Image, 2006, Columbia River sunset, from Boardman, Oregon Columbia River sunset, as seen from Boardman, Oregon:
View from Boardman RV Park.
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, October 1, 2006.
RM268*
Image, 2006, Mount Hood sunset, from Boardman, Oregon Mount Hood sunset, as seen from Boardman, Oregon:
View from Boardman RV Park.
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, October 1, 2006.
RM268*
Image, 2006, Sunset, Boardman Marina, Oregon Sunset, Boardman Marina, Oregon:
View from Boardman RV Park.
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, October 1, 2006.
RM268*
Image, 2006, Sunset, Boardman Marina, Oregon Sunset, Boardman Marina, Oregon:
View from Boardman RV Park.
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, October 1, 2006.
RM268*
Image, 2006, Boardman RV Park, Oregon Boardman RV Park, Boardman, Oregon:
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, October 2, 2006.
RM268*
Image, 2006, Boardman RV Park, Oregon Boardman RV Park, Boardman, Oregon:
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, October 2, 2006.
RM268*
Image, 2005, Whitcomb Island, Umatilla National Wildlife Refuge Whitcomb Island, Washington, part of the Umatilla National Wildlife Refuge:
View of slough separating Whitcomb Island (right) from the Washington shore (left).
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, May 24, 2005.
RM268*
Image, 2005, Whitcomb Island, Umatilla National Wildlife Refuge Whitcomb Island, Washington, part of the Umatilla National Wildlife Refuge:
View of slough separating Whitcomb Island (left) from the Washington shore (right).
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, May 24, 2005.
RM268*
Image, 2005, Whitcomb Island, Umatilla National Wildlife Refuge Whitcomb Island, Washington, part of the Umatilla National Wildlife Refuge:
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, May 24, 2005.
RM268*
Image, 2004, Canoe Ridge, Washington, and Whitcomb Island Canoe Ridge, Washington, and Whitcomb Island:
Canoe Ridge, Washington, from Tower Road, Oregon. Whitcomb Island is barely discernable along shoreline.
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, September 24, 2004.
RM264*
Image, 2003, Across the Columbia River towards Canoe Ridge, Washington Canoe Ridge, Washington, and the Umatilla National Wildlife Refuge:
Looking across the Columbia River at Canoe Ridge, Washington. This area is within the Umatilla National Wildlife Refuge. Whitcomb Island is greenery along the shoreline. Image taken from Boardman, Oregon.
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, September 26, 2003.
RM264*
Image, 2004, Crow Butte, Washington, as seen from Oregon Crow Butte, Washington:
View from Tower Road, Oregon.
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, September 24, 2004.
RM262*
Image, 2005, Crow Butte, Washington Crow Butte, Washington:
View is from the west.
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, May 24, 2005.
RM262*
Image, 2005, Crow Butte, Washington Crow Butte Park, Washington:
View from Washington State Highway 14.
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, May 24, 2005.
RM262*
Image, 2006, Vicinity of Castle Rock, Oregon Vicinity of historic Castle Rock, Oregon:
View from Interstate 84. Crow Butte is in the background.
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, September 29, 2006.
RM261*
Image, 2006, Vicinity of Castle Rock, Oregon Vicinity of historic Castle Rock, Oregon:
View from Interstate 84.
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, October 2, 2006.
RM261*
Image, 2005, Alder Creek, Washington Alder Creek, Washington, at mouth:
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, May 24, 2005.
RM257.5*
Image, 2005, Alder Creek, Washington Shoreline, Alder Creek, Washington, looking upstream:
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, May 24, 2005.
RM257.5*
Image, 2005, Alder Ridge, with Alder Creek Alder Ridge, Washington, with Alder Creek:
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, May 24, 2005.
RM257.5*
Image, 2005, Union Pacific and Alder Ridge Union Pacific and Alder Ridge, Washington:
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, September 24, 2005.
RM257.5*
Image, 2005, Willow Creek, Oregon Willow Creek, Oregon, from Washington Highway 14:
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, May 24, 2005.
RM252.5*
Image, 2005, Willow Creek from Interstate 84 Willow Creek, Oregon, from Interstate 84:
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, September 25, 2005.
RM252.5*
Image, 2006, Heppner Junction Heppner Junction, Oregon, from Interstate 84:
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, September 29, 2006.
RM252*
Image, 2004, Banks of the Columbia upstream of Arlington, Oregon Oregon banks of the Columbia River upstream of Arlington, Oregon:
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, September 26, 2004.
RM*
Image, 2004, Columbia River and Arlington, Oregon Columbia River and Arlington, Oregon:
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, September 26, 2004.
RM243*
Image, 2004, Banks of the Columbia at Arlington, Oregon Oregon banks of the Columbia River at Arlington, Oregon:
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, September 24, 2004.
RM243*
Image, 2006, Arlington, Oregon Arlington, Oregon:
View from Interstate 84.
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, October 2, 2006.
RM243*
Image, 2004, Arlington, Oregon Arlington, Oregon:
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, September 24, 2004.
RM243*
Image, 2004, North Roosevelt, Washington, from Arlington, Oregon Roosevelt, Washington, from Arlington, Oregon:
Image from marina/park at Arlington, Oregon.
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, September 24, 2004.
RM245*
Image, 2004, Grain elevator at North Roosevelt, Washington, from Arlington, Oregon Grain elevator at Roosevelt, Washington, from Arlington, Oregon:
Image from marina/park at Arlington, Oregon.
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, September 24, 2004.
RM245*
Image, 2005, Grain elevator at Roosevelt, Washington Grain elevator at Roosevelt, Washington:
Image from road to Roosevelt Park.
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, May 24, 2005.
RM245*
Image, 2005, Mount Hood, Oregon, from Roosevelt, Washington Mount Hood, Oregon, from Roosevelt, Washington:
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, May 24, 2005.
RM244*
Image, 2005, Roosevelt Park, Roosevelt, Washington Roosevelt Park, Roosevelt, Washington:
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, May 24, 2005.
RM245*
Image, 2004, North Roosevelt from downstream of Arlington, Oregon North Roosevelt, Washington:
View from downstream of Arlington, Oregon.
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, September 26, 2004.
RM243*
Image, 2004, Columbia River downstream Roosevelt, Washington Downstream of Roosevelt, Washington:
View from just downstream of Arlington, Oregon.
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, September 26, 2004.
RM243*
Image, 2004, Columbia River from downstream of Arlington, Oregon Columbia River, downstream of Roosevelt, Washington:
View from just downstream of Arlington, Oregon.
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, September 26, 2004.
RM243*
Image, 2005, Oregon banks of the Columbia River near Blalock Canyon Oregon banks of the Columbia River, near Blalock Canyon:
View from Washington State Highway 14.
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, May 24, 2005.
RM234*
Image, 2006, Blalock Canyon and railroad siding Blalock Canyon and railroad siding, from Interstate 84:
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, October 2, 2006.
RM234*
Image, 2005, Blalock Canyon as seen from Interstate 84 Blalock Canyon, Oregon, as seen from Interstate 84:
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, September 25, 2005.
RM234*
Image, 2005, Rock Creek Canyon, Washington, from Interstate 84, Oregon Rock Creek Canyon, Washington, from Interstate 84, Oregon:
View of Rock Creek Canyon, Washington, while driving along Interstate 84, Oregon.
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, September 24, 2005.
RM230*
Image, 2004, Rock Creek, Washington, at mouth looking upstream Rock Creek, Washington:
Rock Creek, Washington, at mouth looking upstream, from Washington State Highway 14 bridge crossing Rock Creek.
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, April 24, 2004.
RM230*
Image, 2004, Rock Creek, Washington, upstream mouth Rock Creek, Washington, upstream:
Rock Creek, Washington, upstream mouth, at end of backwater effect from Lake Umatilla, the reservoir behind the John Day Dam. Image from boat launch/park.
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, April 24, 2004.
RM230*
Image, 2004, Rock Creek, Washington, at mouth, left bank Rock Creek, Washington, left bank:
Rock Creek, Washington, at mouth, left bank, from Washington State Highway 14 bridge crossing Rock Creek.
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, April 24, 2004.
RM230*
Image, 2004, Rock Creek, Washington, at park and boat launch Rock Creek, Washington, park and boat launch:
Rock Creek, Washington, at Park and Boat Launch, upstream mouth, at end of backwater effect from Lake Umatilla, the reservoir behind the John Day Dam.
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, April 24, 2004.
RM230*
Image, 2004, John Day River, Oregon, looking towards mouth John Day River, Oregon, from Washington State:
View from Washington State Highway 14, looking towards the mouth of the John Day River, Oregon.
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, April 24, 2004.
RM218*
Image, 2003, John Day River, Oregon, looking upstream John Day River, Oregon, looking upstream:
John Day River, Oregon, looking upstream. Image taken from LaPage Park.
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, September 26, 2003.
RM218*
Image, 2003, John Day River, Oregon, looking downstream John Day River, Oregon, looking downstream:
John Day River, Oregon, looking downstream towards its confluence with the Columbia River. Background hills are Washington State banks of the Columbia. Bridge is Interstate-84, Oregon. Image taken from LaPage Park.
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, September 26, 2003.
RM218*
Image, 2003, LePage Park, John Day River, Oregon, looking upstream LePage Park and the John Day River, Oregon:
LePage Park, John Day River, Oregon. Image taken from LaPage Park, looking downstream on the John Day towards Interstate-84. The Washington State banks of the Columbia River are in the background.
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, September 26, 2003.
RM218*
Image, 2003, Right bank, John Day River, Oregon John Day River, Oregon, right bank, at mouth:
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, September 26, 2003.
RM218*
Image, 2006, John Day Dam from Interstate 84 John Day Dam from pullout on Interstate 84:
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, October 2, 2006.
RM215.5*
Image, 2004, John Day Dam from Washington State Highway 14 John Day Dam from Washington State Highway 14:
Looking down on the John Day Dam, with the mouth of the John Day River visible along the Oregon shore on the left. Lewis and Clark camped on this slope on April 22, 1806.
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, April 24, 2004.
RM215.5*
Image, 2005, John Day Dam from Giles French Park John Day Dam from Giles French Park, Oregon:
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, May 24, 2005.
RM215.5*
Image, 2003, John Day Dam John Day Dam from Oregon side:
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, September 26, 2003.
RM215.5*
Image, 2006, View downstream John Day Dam View from Giles French Park, downstream the John Day Dam:
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, October 2, 2006.
RM*
Image, 2006, Rabbitbrush, below John Day Dam Rabbitbrush, from Giles French Park, below the John Day Dam:
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, October 2, 2006.
RM*
Image, 2004, Cliff behind Cliff Park, Washington Cliff behind Cliff Park, Washington:
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, April 24, 2004.
RM214.5*
Image, 2004, Mount Hood, Oregon, from Cliff Park, Washington Mount Hood, Oregon, from Cliff Park, Washington:
Cliff Park is located downstream of the John Day Dam.
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, April 24, 2004.
RM214.4*
Image, 2006, Rufus, Oregon, from Interstate 84 Rufus, Oregon, from Interstate 84:
View is looking west at Mount Hood on the horizon. The Columbia River is on the right.
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, October 2, 2006.
RM213*
Image, 2006, Rufus, Oregon, at the Interstate 84 interchange Rufus, Oregon, at the Interstate 84 interchange:
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, October 2, 2006.
RM213*
Image, 2004, Spring hillside near John Day Dam, Washington Spring hillside, Washington side, near John Day Dam:
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, April 24, 2004.
RM*
Image, 2005, Columbia Hills near John Day Dam, Washington Columbia Hills near the John Day Dam:
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, May 24, 2005.
RM*
Image, 2005, Columbia Hills near John Day Dam, Washington Columbia Hills near the John Day Dam:
Photo by: Lyn Topinka, May 24, 2005.
RM*


upstreamContinue
Upstream		 downstreamContinue
Downstream





*River Miles [RM] are approximate, in statute miles, and were determined from USGS topo maps, obtained from NOAA nautical charts, or obtained from the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Website, 2003, 2004
/Regions/columbia_plateau.html
May 2013