Lewis and Clark's Columbia River
Lewis & Clark's Columbia River - "200 Years Later"
"Carson and Carson Hot Springs, Washington"
Includes ... Carson ... Carson Creek ... Carson Hot Springs ... St. Martin's Hotel ...
Image, 2013, Carson, Washington, click to enlarge
Click image to enlarge
Carson, Washington, as seen from front window of car. Image taken February 15, 2013.


Carson ...
The small community of Carson, Washington, is located on the east bank of Carson Creek and the west bank of the Wind River, a little over one mile upslope from the Columbia River, at Columbia River Mile (RM) 154. The Carson area was settled in the late 1870s and early 1880s with sawmills being built using the waters of Carson Creek. Lewis and Clark passed by this area on October 30, 1805, calling the Wind River the "New Timbered river", after all the ash trees on its banks.

Carson Creek ...
Carson Creek lies on the west side of the community of Carson and enters the Columbia at River Mile (RM) 153.5. Downstream is Souther Creek, Nelson Creek, Kanaka Creek, and the community of Stevenson. Upstream is the Wind River.

The U.S. Bureau of Land Management's 1878 cadastral survey map (tax survey) for T3N R8E, shows Carson Creek but does not name it.


Lewis and Clark and the Carson area ...

On October 29, 1805, Lewis and Clark passed by the Carson area and called today's Wind River the "New Timbered river" after the abundant Oregon Ash trees.

"... Some rain, we landed above the mouth of a Small river on the Stard. Side and Dined ...   we call this little river [fr Ash] New Timbered river from a Speces of Ash [that wood] which grows on its banks of a verry large and different from any we had before Seen, and a timber resembling the beech in bark [& groth] but different in its leaf which is Smaller and the tree smaller. ..." [Clark, October 30, 1805]

Early Carson ...

On October 29, 1805, Lewis and Clark passed by the Carson area and called today's Wind River the "New Timbered river" after the abundant Oregon Ash trees.

The Carson area was settled in the late 1870s and early 1880s with sawmills being built using the waters of Carson Creek.

An early name for the Carson settlement was "Ash". According to the Tacoma Public Library's Washington Place Names database (2020):

"Lewis and Clark named a site at the mouth of what is now Carson Creek, a tributary to the Columbia River in south central Skamania County. They named the place Ash for the Oregon Ash trees that they found there in 1805. The place is now occupied by the community of Carson."

There are two versions of how today's Carson was named.

E.S. Meany wrote in "Origin of Washington Geographic Names" (1923, University of Washington Press):

"Ash, see Carson, in Skamania County."

"Carson, a town in Skamania County. The town derived its name from a creek of the same name. It is said that the name is a corruption from the name of Katsner. (Postmaster, in Names MSS.,, Letter 406). A former name was "Ash," as Lewis and Clark there found the first ash timber of the West. The place is becoming famous from the Carson Hot Springs. (L.C. Gilman, in Names MSS., Letter 590)."

Robert Hitchman, in "Place Names of Washington" (1985, Washington State Historical Society), gives the same version.

"... Settlement on Carson Creek, 1 mile north of Columbia River, south central Skamania County. It was named for Carson Creek, which is said to be a corruption of "Katsner, the name of a pioneer. ..."

However, Henry Metzger, who settled in the Carson area in 1883, wrote in his article "History of Settlement of the Wind River Valley" ("Skamania County Pioneer", April 21, 1939, online at "rootsweb.com"):

"... Prior to 1893, the nearest store and postoffice was at Cascade Locks, Oregon. To get there and back by rowboat was to say the least, very inconvenient. In that year, A.G. Tucker, an old bachelor, started a store in a miserable, tumble-down shack which was built by the sawmill company. The citizens of Carson applied for a postoffice and were granted a twice-a-week mail service. Mr. Tucker, an ardent admirer of Kit Carson, suggested the name "Carson" for the postoffice and the name was adopted without objection. ...   Before [there was] a postoffice ... Carson was known as "Sprague Landing". ..."

Metzger also wrote:

"... the development of the valley was rather slow until about 1900, or soon thereafter, at which time hotels were built at both the St. Martin's and Shipherd's Hot Springs, 16 miles up the valley. ...

... by about 1910 the town of Carson boasted of 5 hotels, including St. Martins and Shipherds, 1 restaurant, 4 stores, 2 large livery barns, 1 blacksmith, 1 barber, 2 butchershops, 1 bakery, 1 weekly newspaper (for a short time only), 1 billiard hall and dance hall, a brass band, 2 schoolhouses, 1 church and when the railroad was built -- 7 saloons. Four of these saloons were in town, 1 was at Shipherd's Springs, 1 at St. Martin Springs and one near the steamboat landing. The building of the Northbank railroad in 1907 brought a land boom to the valley and uncleared stump and brush land sold for as much as $100 per acre on the lower flat. ..."

According to "Names in Clark County" ("The Columbian", 2014):

"Carson ... A.C. Tucker had asked the Post Office for the name Casner to honor the first settler, but the government misspelled it "Carson". Earlier the area had been called Ash, because it was the first stand of ash trees seen by Lewis and Clark."

Street scenes ...

Image, 2013, Carson, Washington, click to enlarge
Click image to enlarge
Street scene, Carson, Washington. View from front window of moving car. Image taken February 15, 2013.
Image, 2013, Carson, Washington, click to enlarge
Click image to enlarge
Street scene, Carson, Washington. View from front window of moving car. Image taken February 15, 2013.


Carson, etc.

  • Carson Hot Springs ...
  • Conrad Lundy Jr. Bridge ...
  • Shipherd Falls ...
  • Shipherds Hot Springs ...


Carson Hot Springs ...
In 1876 Isadore St. Martin discovered a hot spring bubbling up among the rocks east of town and filed a homestead claim on the property. He developed the St. Martin Hotel and bathhouse, using the waters of the hot spring. St. Martin's hotel is still in operation, today part of the Carson Mineral Hot Springs Golf and Spa Resort.

"Carson Hot Springs were discovered in 1876 by Isadore St. Martin. While on a hunting expedition with a friend, St. Martin noticed steam along the river and found the hot springs bubbling up among the rocks. They marked the spot and St. Martin later filed an Indian Homestead claim on the site.

St. Martin took his wife, Margaret, who suffered from neuralgia, to the hot springs. News of her relief spread rapidly and people began to arrive in great numbers to bathe in the springs. Those early bathers navigated up the Wind River to the original bathhouses.

In 1897, St. Martin began construction of the Historical Hotel, completing it in 1901. The cabins and bathhouse were added in 1923 and are still being used."


Source:    Carson Mineral Hot Springs Golf & Spa Resort website, 2013.

[More]


Image, 2013, Carson, Washington, click to enlarge
Click image to enlarge
Carson Hot Springs Resort, Carson, Washington. Image taken February 15, 2013.
Image, 2013, Carson, Washington, click to enlarge
Click image to enlarge
Hotel St. Martin, Carson Hot Springs Resort, Carson, Washington. Hotel St. Martin was built in 1901. The bathhouse is the building on the right. Image taken February 15, 2013.
Image, 2013, Carson, Washington, click to enlarge
Click image to enlarge
St. Martin's Hot Springs Hotel, Carson, Washington. Image taken February 15, 2013.


Conrad Lundy Jr. Bridge ...
Locally known as the "High Bridge", the Conrad Lundy Jr. Bridge crosses the Wind River north of the community of Carson. The deck truss bridge was built in 1957, was designed by the C.M. Corkum Company, and is 598.1 feet long and 25.9 feet wide. The bridge sits 260 feet above the surface of the water surface. Conrad Lundy was the County Commissioner at the time of the bridge's construction.

The "High Bridge" is the 4th bridge to span the Wind River canyon north of Carson. The first bridge was built in 1890 and lasted two years. Next came a one-lane suspension bridge built in 1913.

"... Across the flats of the valley proper, where the soil is gravelly, road building (such as was needed) was comparatively easy but the crossing of Wind River canyon, three miles north of Carson, was a difficult task. In 1890 the first bridge was built across Wind River Canyon one-half mile upstream from the present cable bridge, by donation labor. Two years later this bridge was washed away and for many months a cable crossing was the only means of getting into or out of the upper valley. About 1910 a delegation of citizens went before the County Commissioners and asked for the construction of a bridge where the cable bridge now stands [note, bridge of 1925]. After much discussion and many delays the commissioners ordered the building of the suspension bridge in 1912. The first estimate of its cost was $8,000.00, but by the time it was ready for traffic it had cost $17,000.00, and since that time steel towers and other improvements have increased this cost, but it has long since paid for itself in convenience to travel. John Isham, better known as "Hi John," drove the first team across this bridge. ..." [Skamania County Pioneer, April 14, 1939, "History of Settlement of the Wind River Valley" by Henry Metzger]

The 1913 bridge was replaced by a steel wire cable suspension bridge in 1925 which was in use until it was bypassed by the current bridge. The 1925 bridge was subsequently removed. In 2002 the Conrad Lundy Jr. Bridge was listed on the National Register of Historic Places (Architecture/Engineering, #02000326).


Image, 2013, Wind River from High Bridge, Carson, Washington, click to enlarge
Click image to enlarge
Wind River from "High Bridge", Carson, Washington. View from moving car. The Conrad Lundy Jr. Bridge sits 260 feet above the Wind River. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2002. Image taken February 15, 2013.
Image, 2013, Wind River from High Bridge, Carson, Washington, click to enlarge
Click image to enlarge
Wind River downstream, from "High Bridge", Carson, Washington. Image taken February 15, 2013.
Image, 2013, Wind River from High Bridge, Carson, Washington, click to enlarge
Click image to enlarge
Wind River, upstream, from "High Bridge", Carson, Washington. Note shadow of bridge structure. Image taken February 15, 2013.


Shipherd Falls ...
Shipherd Falls is a tiered falls located at Wind River Mile (RM) 2.0, just northeast of Carson, Washington.
[More]


Shipherds Hot Springs ...
[More]

RICH RESORT OWNER FACES SERIOUS CHARGE

"STEVENSON, Wash., April 17. -- Isadore St. Martion, one of the owners of the St. Martin's hot springs, is under arrest on a charge of assault, and Perry Douglas, the complainant, is under the care of a physician and trained nurse at Carson, suffering from what may prove to be a fractured skull.

Douglas was injured while employed as a structural ironworker by the Oregon Trunk railroad, and went to St. Martin's springs to recuperate. Day before yesterday, when a woman patient at the St. Martin hotel removed to Shipherd hot springs, Douglas carried her satchel over the hill. Returning from the Shipherd hotel Douglas was met by Isadore St. Martin.

"Are you a friend of Ted Shipherd ?" asked St. Martin, referring to the owner of the rival hot springs.

"No," answered Douglas. Whereupon, Douglas charges, St. Martin struck him over the head with a carpenter's iron plane, and began pummeling him with his fist.

The blow from the plane nearly paralyzed Douglas, but he made his calls for help heard. He was taken to the Grand Trunk hotel at Carson.

Sinch Shipherd established his rural health resort a short distance up Wind river from the St. Martin's springs several years ago, much animosity has been shown toward the newcomer by the St. Martins. In a quarrel over the respective merits over the waters of the two places some time ago, the elder St. Martion was killed by a man named Brown, who was a guest at the Shipherd place."


Source:    "Morning Enterprise" (Oregon City, Oreg.), May 18, 1912, courtesy Historic Oregon Newspapers Archives, University of Oregon Libraries, 2018.


Health and Recreation
Spend Your Vacation at
--- THE FAMOUS ---
SHIPHERD'S
HOT SPRINGS

Carson, Wash., "In the Heart of the Cascade Mountains," and build up your health. Fishing, Dancing, Bowling, Quoits, Tennis and Croquet Grounds.

HOT MINERAL WATER SWIMMING POOL

Saddle ponies, Tally-ho for fishing and picnix parties. Many nice improvements made during past year.

Write for booklet.
E.L. SHIPHERD, Manager


Source:    "The Sunday Oregonian", July 12, 1914, courtesy Historic Oregon Newspapers Archives, University of Oregon Libraries, 2016.


Penny Postcard, Shipherds Hot Springs Hotel, Carson, Washington
Click image to enlarge
Penny Postcard: Shipherd's Hot Springs Hotel, Carson, Washington.
Penny Postcard, Real Photo, Divided Back, "Shipherd's Hot Springs Hotel - Carson, Wash." Card #148. In the private collection of Lyn Topinka.


"The Golden Age of Postcards" ...

The early 1900s was the "Golden Age of Postcards", with the "Penny Postcard" being a popular way to send greetings to family and friends. Today the Penny Postcard has become a snapshot of history.


From the Journals of Lewis and Clark ...

Clark, October 30, 1805 ...





Clark, April 13, 1806 ...




Columbia River GorgeReturn to
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*River Miles [RM] are approximate, in statute miles, and were determined from USGS topo maps, obtained from NOAA nautical charts, or obtained from the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers website, 2003

Sources:
  • "The Columbian", 2014, "Clark History, Names in Clark County";
  • Historic Oregon Newspapers Archives, University of Oregon Libraries, 2018;
  • Hitchman, R., 1985, "Place Names of Washington", Washington State Historical Society);
  • Meany, E.S., 1923, "Origin of Washington Geographic Names", University of Washington Press;
  • "rootsweb.com" website, 2013;
  • Tacoma Public Library's Washington Place Names database, 2020;
  • U.S. Bureau of Land Management's General Land Office (GLO) Records database, 2018;


All Lewis and Clark quotations from Gary Moulton editions of the Lewis and Clark Journals, University of Nebraska Press, all attempts have been made to type the quotations exactly as in the Moulton editions, however typing errors introduced by this web author cannot be ruled out; location interpretation from variety of sources, including this website author.
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April 2018